Most cats are excellent self-groomers and require surprisingly little assistance from their owners to maintain a clean, healthy coat. But regular brushing, nail trims, and occasional baths — when done properly — prevent problems and strengthen the bond between you and your cat.
Brushing
Short-haired cats generally only need brushing once or twice a week to remove loose hair and distribute skin oils. Long-haired breeds like Persians, Ragdolls, and Maine Coons require daily brushing to prevent mats, which can form quickly and become painful if they tighten against the skin. A metal comb followed by a slicker brush works well for most long-haired cats.
Nail Trimming
Indoor cats' nails do not wear down naturally and can grow long enough to curve back into the paw pad. Trim nails every two to three weeks using proper cat nail clippers. Press the paw pad gently to extend the claws. Trim only the sharp hooked tip — the pink quick inside the nail should be avoided, as cutting it causes pain and bleeding. If you are uncertain, ask your veterinarian or a groomer to demonstrate.
Bathing
Most cats never need a bath if they are healthy and brushing is regular. Bathing actually removes beneficial skin oils and can cause dryness if done too frequently. When a bath is necessary — for a skin condition, a particularly messy incident, or a heavily matted long-haired cat — use a cat-specific shampoo, work quickly, keep water at a comfortable temperature, and dry your cat thoroughly with towels or a low-heat dryer.